Fastener



April 8, 1930. F. s. CARR 1,754,209

FASTENER Original Filed Oct. 23, 1925 Patented Apr. 8, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FRED S. CARR, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, `LBY MESNE ASSIGNFIENTS,

T UNITED-CARR FASTENER CORPORATION, OF CAMBRIDGE, `IMIASSAGIU'SETTE, A.`

CORPORATION OIF MASSACHUSETTS rAs'rENER Original application led November 1, 1924. Serial No. 747,229.' Divided and this application led October 23, 1925. Serial No. 64,345. Renewed February 9, 1929.

Yproved fastenerstud particularly, though not exclusively, useful for securing uphol- `stery to a framework. The application is a division of my prior application Serial No. 747,229, tiled November 1st, 1924.

In the drawings, which illustrate a preferred embodiment of my invention Figure 1 is an elevation view of the inside of an automobile door before the upholstery is secured thereto;

Fig. 2 is an elevation view of the door after' the upholster has been secured thereto by a lurality o fastener elements;

ig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2 i

Fig. 4 is a section of the parts shown in Fig. 3, but showing the upholstered part disengaged from the frame of the door and showinga fastening member in elevation;

ig. 5 is an end elevation of one of the fastening members;

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5; and

Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the fastening member as viewed from the opposite end from that shown in Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings, I have shown an upholstery installation which comprises a part to be upholstered, an upholstered part for covering one side thereofand a plurality of fastener studs which engage with the part to be upholstered to hold the upholstered part in assembled relation therewith.

The part to be upholstered is, as illustrated, an automobile door 1 having a metal frame 2 which presents a plurality 'of stud-receiving apertures 3 preferably unched or drilled into the frame before t e door is formed,

thereby to simplify the manufacture of the door.

The upholstered part comprises la relatively stili backing 4 shaped to coverone side of the door 1 and covered with a flexible covering 5 of leather, fabric or the like to provide a neat and finished appearance to the inside of the door when secured to the door frame 2. Between the backing and covering, I'have provided a layer of wadding or padding 6, which may be omitted, but which, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, provides a softer surface to the upholstered part.

While tacks have been used in securing upholstery to framework, I *prefer to use a plurality ofy studs which, when secured to the frame, present cap portions or caps 7 adjacent the periphery of the'upholsteryl part which provide the same e'ect as tacking. The studs, however, are more easily and quickly applied than tacks and can be easily removed to' permit cleansing or removal-of the up! holstered part.

The studs for use in connection with the installation, as illustrated, are provided with a head 8, a neck 9, a relatively long shank portion 10, flat base portion 11 and a plurality of slots '12, which extend throughout the entire length ofthe head, neck and shank and into the base portion far enoughto permit the greater part of the contraction and .expansion of the stud to take place upon straight lines passing through the material of the base 11 between the ends of the slots. The slots, as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, converge from the neck of the stud to the end of the head so that initial contraction of the head 8 of the stud, during entrance in a stud-receiving aperture 3, is effected upon the lines between the ends ofthe slots in thebase, until thel other, is effected by flexing the Vresilient portions between the point where they contact at the head of thestud and theends of the slots in the base portion. y Thus when'the studs are entered through the apertures 13 in the upholstered part and the heads 8 enter the stud-receiving 1apertures 3 in the frame 2of the door 1, the heads initially contract under slight pressure upon the caps 7 while final contraction to force the head through the aperture is only effected by a relatively greater push upon the caps 7 thereby enga-g4 ing the necks 9 with the wall asurrounding the stud-receiving aperture 3. The 'studs are then tightly securedto the fra-me 2-of the door 1, as illustrated `in Fig. 3. v The caps 7 are secured to the bases 11 of the studs by bending a portion of the periphery'of' eachcap 7 over the base portion 11 of the stud, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, and the caps are preferably convex in cross-section so as to be spaced away from the base 11 of 5 the stud to permit contraction of the. base upon the lines,..betwe,en the.end s of the studs without"interferencetfrorn .the capff.' These caps are pressed from metal and while they may .be .cerered with, enuihletery material to coveririx wohf the upholstered marks in the face of them (Fig. 7) and cover them with enamel or 'paint of any desired color. y

'Ehe apertures leinibe.upholstered part are relatively largerain diametervthan the diameter of the Shanks 10 Hof the studs, and thereorerpermit-g engagement of the studs with the apertures without-necessity of absolute alignment within infraction-of an inch of y thef apertures inltheupholsteredpart with the aperturs'ilr the frame. i

Vithenthezupholsteredpart is secured to the doorby-thestudsfasillustrated in Figs. 2 and 3,v the caps covertheapertures 13 in the upf holsteredipart..j and .the'fiinwardly bent por- 'Y tionMfoffjthecapizlf pressesintov the upholsteredparttolaprovideza tension on that part, thereby to hold it tightly against the frame 2 and gripftheoverlapped edge 15 of the coverbackingAQ-as@bestlillustratedfin Fig. 3. l

While 'aveshown'and-described my invention asfappliedtfanfautomobile door, it willbeunderstoodfthat'fupholstery may be secired-ft'ojotherramework'in' substantially the-same manne'rwithot departing from the' scope of .finventiongi which 'is'more fully set-forth in `the vapp'gaii'led:claims.

Claims: Y f Y "r'able flastene" stud including a afshankan'dfa `base portion, a y ff "lots extendingifrom the end of d ead-'a's'ubs'taitial'f distance into the base d'to'pemitcntaction of said 'd lotsfbeing'rQel-atively narrower adjacnt the ndozfthegfheadthan at the base by'fto rinitinitial-contraction lexg th material between base portion and f finalcontraction of :material between the disnce into thebase m 'contraction of said `ivjelyV narrower ad- -`'than at the base d ad u H1 I. il aterial between thl e1"1ds"of"tl1er` slots ifs ase portion and a5 f6 thereafter to r "contraction of parer refe difese-timmerennaher grain said head by flexing the material between the abutting ends of the resilient portions of said head and the base of said stud, and a cap secured to the base of said stud, said cap spaced away from the base o said stud adjacent the ends,l of 1said slots to permit `*flexing ,of said base .toward-saidcap. "f 1 V 3. A separablerfastener stud having a head, a neck and a base, said head and neck being divided bya number of slots to provide a number of yieldable portions between said slots and said yieldable portions being arranged to have the edge of one closer to the edge of another adjacent to the end of the head than at their other ends to permit contact of the said edges adjacent to the head prior to complete contraction of the stud when being engaged with a cooperating socket.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

. FRED szoARR. 

